Messaging

Every message and photo you send has a chance to become publicly available. Don't write anything you'd regret and learn how to decrease that chance.

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Essential

End-to-end encryption ensures that messages are encrypted on your device and remain encrypted until they reach the intended recipient. This guarantees that any intercepted traffic cannot be read by unauthorized parties, including those with access to the servers where the conversation data is stored.

Essential

If the code is open source then it can be independently examined and audited by anyone qualified to do so, to ensure that there are no backdoors, vulnerabilities, or other security issues. Most popular projects will publish results of such reviews.

Essential

When selecting an encrypted messaging app, ensure its server is open source, stable, actively maintained, and ideally backed by reputable developers. Some good options in 2025 are Matrix, which has many clients available, all based on a secure open source protocol, Signal, and Jami. Tox and Session don't even have a centralized server.

Essential

Go through the security and privacy settings in your messenger, including contact verification, security notifications, and encryption. Disable optional privacy-leaking features such as read receipts, last online, and typing notifications.

Essential

Don't use Telegram: every group chat in it is plain text unencrypted, just waiting to leak. For encrypted groups in Matrix/Signal/Tox, the risk of compromise rises the more participants are in a group. Periodically check that all members should still be there.

Essential

Metadata is additional information attached to media. When you send a photo, audio recording, video, or document you may be revealing more than you intended to: date, location, information identifying you or device may be included with it.

Optional

Prior to any financial transaction initiated in messenger it's always good to ensure you are talking to the intended recipient, and that they have not been compromised. Make a call, find another contact through friends or colleagues.

Optional

Self-destructing messages is a feature that causes your messages to automatically delete after a set amount of time. Together with encryption this means that if your device is lost, stolen, or seized, an adversary will only have access to the most recent communications.

Optional

SMS is not secure. It is susceptible to threats such as interception, SIM swapping, SIM porting, and smartphone malware. It's ok to SMS "Message me on Matrix: https://matrix.to/".